MySQL Fabric 是一个用于管理 MySQL 服务器群的可扩展框架。该框架实现了两个特性 — 高可用性 (HA) 以及使用数据分片的横向扩展。这两个特性既可以单独使用，也可以结合使用。本文只测试高可用性。
测试环境
centos 6.5
192.168.17.177 mysql数据库
192.168.17.178 Fabric服务器和mysql数据库
192.168.17.179 mysql数据库
192.168.17.180 mysql数据库
防火墙
重启后永久性生效：
开启：chkconfig iptables on
关闭：chkconfig iptables off
即时生效，重启后失效：
开启：service iptables start
关闭：service iptables stop
1、安装mysql,4台服务器安装相同版本mysql和相同配置
先删除centos6.5自带mysql
rpm -qa | grep mysqlrpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
下载mysql，http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
MySQL-client-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpmMySQL-devel-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpmMySQL-server-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpmMySQL-shared-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpmMySQL-shared-compat-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
安装mysql
yum localinstall –-nogpgcheck *.rpm
配置mysql
more /root/.mysql_secret //查看默认自带密码service mysql start //启动mysql/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation //初始化mysql
fabric是基于GTID主从复制，所以这些实例中必须要启用GTID，在mysql的配置文件要加上下边参数：
编辑mysql配置文件
vim /usr/my.cnf
在文件中加上
gtid_mode=ONlog-binlog-slave-updatesenforce-gtid-consistencyserver_id=1 //各个服务器的值不同
创建mysql管理员帐号，fabric需要使用mysql管理员级别帐号来管理数据库，4台mysql服务器创建相同的帐号
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'fabric'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'secret' WITH GRANT OPTION;FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
2、在192.168.17.178服务器安装mysql fabric
Fabric已经被打包到了MySQL Utilities中，下载MySQL Utilities就可以了，另外fabric操作mysql需要使用python连接器，需要同时下载mysql-utilities-1.5.6-1.el6.noarch.rpm（）、
mysql-connector-python-2.1.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm（）安装。
安装fabric
yum localinstall –-nogpgcheck *.rpm
vim /etc/mysql/fabric.cfg // 修改fabric配置
[DEFAULT]prefix = sysconfdir = /etclogdir = /var/log[statistics]prune_time = 3600[logging]url = file:///var/log/fabric.loglevel = INFO[storage]auth_plugin = mysql_native_passworddatabase = fabricuser = fabric //与上边创建的帐号一致address = 192.168.17.178:3306 // fabric Backing Store用的mysqlconnection_delay = 1connection_timeout = 6password = secret //与上边创建的帐号一致connection_attempts = 6[failure_tracking]notification_interval = 60notification_clients = 50detection_timeout = 1detection_interval = 6notifications = 300detections = 3failover_interval = 0prune_time = 3600[servers] // 192.168.17.180、192.168.17.179、192.168.17.177三台mysql的管理员帐号restore_user = fabricunreachable_timeout = 5backup_password = secret backup_user = fabricuser = fabric restore_password = secretpassword = secret[connector]ttl = 1[protocol.xmlrpc]disable_authentication = yes // 关闭验证ssl_cert = realm = MySQL Fabricssl_key = ssl_ca = threads = 5user = adminaddress = 192.168.17.178:32274password = [executor]executors = 5[sharding]prune_limit = 10000mysqldump_program = /usr/bin/mysqldumpmysqlclient_program = /usr/bin/mysql[protocol.mysql]disable_authentication = yes // 关闭验证ssl_cert = ssl_key = ssl_ca = user = adminaddress = 192.168.17.178:32275password =
初始化Backing Store数据，初始化完成后，可以在192.168.17.178的mysql中看到fabric数据表，这个数据库主要用来Backing Store使用。
mysqlfabric manage setup
启动fabric
mysqlfabric manage start
建立HA服务器组
mysqlfabric group create my_group
将mysql服务器加入HA组中
mysqlfabric group add my_group 192.168.17.177:3306mysqlfabric group add my_group 192.168.17.179:3306mysqlfabric group add my_group 192.168.17.180:3306
添加完成后，默认情况不会自己选出主库（PRIMARY），可以让fabric自动选出主库，也可以手动选出主库
1）执行下边命令让fabric选出主库
mysqlfabric group promote my_group
2）手动指定主库
mysqlfabric server set_status 192.168.17.179:3306 primary // set_status可手工指定4个状态primary, secondary,spare, or faulty.
添加完成后，可以使用使用下边命令查看当前my_group组中的服务器状况
mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupFabric UUID: 5ca1ab1e-a007-feed-f00d-cab3fe13249eTime-To-Live: 1 server_uuid address status mode weight------------------------------------ ------------------- --------- ---------- ------086d9569-a78a-11e5-9205-005056ab3497 192.168.17.180:3306 SECONDARY READ_ONLY 1.0452ee193-a4a7-11e5-bf33-005056ab482f 192.168.17.179:3306 PRIMARY READ_WRITE 1.0edcbd377-a4a7-11e5-bf37-005056ab131b 192.168.17.177:3306 SECONDARY READ_ONLY 1.0
fabric常用相关命令
mysqlfabric group create my_group #创建HA组mysqlfabric group destroy my_group #删除HA组mysqlfabric group add my_group 192.168.17.180:3306 #添加组成员mysqlfabric group remove my_group xxxxxxxx #移出组成员mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_group #查看组成员mysqlfabric group promote my_group #选举mastermysqlfabric groupactivate my_group #激活自动故障转移mysqlfabric group deactivate my_group #禁用自动故障转移mysqlfabric serverset_status server_uuid status #变更服务器状态mysqlfabric help manage #manage命令帮助mysqlfabric help group #group命令帮助mysqlfabric help server #server命令帮助
3、java测试代码建库，建表，插入数据，查询操作
操作数据库的顺序改为先连接Fabric，再由Fabric内部操作具体的数据库，这里使用java例子，测试代码来自http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/ java驱动包中的例子
package demo.fabric;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.DriverManager;import java.sql.PreparedStatement;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.Statement;import com.mysql.fabric.jdbc.FabricMySQLConnection;/** * Demonstrate working with employee data in MySQL Fabric with Connector/J and the JDBC APIs. */public class EmployeesTest { public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { String hostname = "192.168.17.178"; String port = "32274"; String database = "employees"; String user = "fabric"; String password = "secret"; String baseUrl = "jdbc:mysql:fabric://" + hostname + ":" + Integer.valueOf(port) + "/"; // Load the driver if running under Java 5 if (!com.mysql.jdbc.Util.isJdbc4()) { Class.forName("com.mysql.fabric.jdbc.FabricMySQLDriver"); System.out.println("load driver"); } Connection rawConnection = DriverManager.getConnection(baseUrl + "mysql?fabricServerGroup=my_group", user, password); Statement statement = rawConnection.createStatement(); statement.executeUpdate("create database if not exists employees"); System.out.println("create database if not exists employees"); statement.close(); rawConnection.close(); // The 1-st way is to set it's name explicitly via the "fabricServerGroup" connection property rawConnection = DriverManager.getConnection(baseUrl + database + "?fabricServerGroup=my_group", user, password); statement = rawConnection.createStatement(); statement.executeUpdate("create database if not exists employees"); statement.close(); rawConnection.close(); rawConnection = DriverManager.getConnection(baseUrl + database + "?fabricServerGroup=my_group", user, password); statement = rawConnection.createStatement(); statement.executeUpdate("drop table if exists employees"); statement.executeUpdate("create table employees (emp_no int not null, first_name varchar(50), last_name varchar(50), primary key (emp_no))"); // 2. Insert data // Cast to a Fabric connection to have access to specific methods FabricMySQLConnection connection = (FabricMySQLConnection) rawConnection; // example data used to create employee records Integer ids[] = new Integer[] { 1, 2, 10001, 10002 }; String firstNames[] = new String[] { "John", "Jane", "Andy", "Alice" }; String lastNames[] = new String[] { "Doe", "Doe", "Wiley", "Wein" }; // insert employee data PreparedStatement ps = connection.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO employees.employees VALUES (?,?,?)"); for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) { ps.setInt(1, ids[i]); ps.setString(2, firstNames[i]); ps.setString(3, lastNames[i]); ps.executeUpdate(); } System.out.println("Querying employees"); System.out.format("%7s | %-30s | %-30s%n", "emp_no", "first_name", "last_name"); System.out.println("--------+--------------------------------+-------------------------------"); ps = connection.prepareStatement("select emp_no, first_name, last_name from employees where emp_no = ?"); for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) { ps.setInt(1, ids[i]); ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery(); rs.next(); System.out.format("%7d | %-30s | %-30s%n", rs.getInt(1), rs.getString(2), rs.getString(3)); rs.close(); } ps.close();// connection.setServerGroupName("my_group");// statement.executeUpdate("drop table if exists employees"); statement.close(); connection.close(); }} 如果当前PRIMARY为192.168.17.179:3306，直接连接192.168.17.179进行增加修改删除，数据能自动同步到192.168.17.177和192.168.17.180，完整的主从模式。
如果当前PRIMARY为192.168.17.179:3306，直接连接192.168.17.177或192.168.17.180，会造成PRIMARY主库的修改无法同步到从数据，需要把从数据库冲突数据删除，重启冲突的从数据库，通过mysqlfabric server set_status修改从数据库的状态为secondary，数据会重新同步。
参考